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Mechanism of Action
NAD+ is the primary electron carrier in mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. It activates sirtuins (SIRT1-7) which regulate DNA repair, mitochondrial biogenesis, and stress responses. NAD+ tissue levels decline ~50% between ages 40 and 60.
Key Research Findings
- 12-month NMN administration suppressed age-associated weight gain and improved energy metabolism in aged mice
- First human trial: NMN increased skeletal muscle insulin sensitivity in prediabetic women
- Dose-dependent NAD+ increases and improved 6-minute walk test in multicenter RCT
Peer-Reviewed Studies (4)
Mills KF, Yoshida S, et al.
Cell Metabolism (2016)
12-month NMN suppressed age-associated body weight gain, enhanced energy metabolism, and improved insulin sensitivity
Yoshino M, Yoshino J, et al.
Science (2021)
10-week NMN (250mg/day) increased skeletal muscle insulin sensitivity in prediabetic women
Irie J, Inagaki E, et al.
Endocrine Journal (2020)
First-in-human study demonstrating oral NMN safety and effective metabolism
Yi L, Maier AB, et al.
GeroScience (2023)
NMN at 300-900mg/day increased blood NAD+ dose-dependently and improved 6-minute walk test
Research Disclaimer: The studies referenced above are from publicly available peer-reviewed literature. Pepta Labs products are sold strictly for research purposes. They are not intended for human consumption, therapeutic use, or as dietary supplements. All information is provided for educational and research reference only.