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Mechanism of Action
KPV (Lys-Pro-Val) is the C-terminal tripeptide of alpha-MSH that retains potent anti-inflammatory activity without melanogenic effects. It inhibits NF-kB nuclear translocation, reduces proinflammatory cytokines, and enters colonocytes via the PepT1 transporter for direct intracellular anti-inflammatory action.
Key Research Findings
- Reduced colonic inflammation by 65% in DSS-induced colitis models
- Inhibited NF-kB activation through a melanocortin receptor-independent mechanism
- Demonstrated antimicrobial properties against S. aureus and Candida albicans
- Oral administration effective due to PepT1 transporter uptake in colonocytes
Peer-Reviewed Studies (4)
Kannengiesser K, Maaser C, et al.
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (2008)
KPV significantly ameliorated colitis in both DSS and TNBS models through NF-kB inhibition
Dalmasso G, Charrier-Hisamuddin L, et al.
Gastroenterology (2008)
KPV enters colonocytes via PepT1 and exerts intracellular anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting NF-kB
Brzoska T, Luger TA, et al.
Endocrine Reviews (2008)
Comprehensive review of alpha-MSH-derived peptides including KPV anti-inflammatory signaling
Luger TA, Brzoska T
Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2007)
Demonstrated therapeutic potential of alpha-MSH peptides in inflammatory and autoimmune conditions
Research Disclaimer: The studies referenced above are from publicly available peer-reviewed literature. Pepta Labs products are sold strictly for research purposes. They are not intended for human consumption, therapeutic use, or as dietary supplements. All information is provided for educational and research reference only.